Real-Time Kill Chain State Machine (RT-KCSM)

Detect multi-stage attacks by correlating alerts from Intrusion Detection Systems (IDS) to generate scenario graphs.

Implementation of our paper:

@inproceedings{kistenmacher2025rtkcsm,
  title={Real-Time Detection of Multi-Stage Attacks Using Kill Chain State Machines},
  author={Kistenmacher, Liliana and Talpur, Anum and Fischer, Mathias},
  booktitle={2025 IEEE Conference on Communications and Network Security (CNS)},
  pages={1--9},
  year={2025},
  organization={IEEE},
  doi={10.1109/CNS66487.2025.11194951}
}

Run using Docker

docker run --rm -v ./data/alerts/:/data/ -p 8080:8080 ghcr.io/uhh-iss/rt-kcsm:latest --server :8080 --file /data/ids2018-apt/notice.json --reader zeek

CLI options:

$ rtkcsm -h
Usage: rtkcsm [--file FILE] [--listen LISTEN] [--server SERVER] [--import IMPORT] [--reader READER] [--transport TRANSPORT] [--export EXPORT] [--risk RISK] [--profile PROFILE] [--profile-graph-ranking-id PROFILE-GRAPH-RANKING-ID] [--stage-weight STAGE-WEIGHT] [--profile-log-resolution PROFILE-LOG-RESOLUTION]

Options:
  --file FILE            filepath of logs from suricata (eve.json) or zeek (JSON format)
  --listen LISTEN        TCP port to listen on for alerts
  --server SERVER        web interface port for visualization
  --import IMPORT        Import existing graphs
  --reader READER        format for reading from transport: 'zeek', 'suricata', 'ocsf', 'suricata-tenzir' [default: suricata]
  --transport TRANSPORT
                         'file', 'stdin', or 'tcp' for ingesting alerts [default: file]
  --export EXPORT        file name of exported graphs from RT-KCSM
  --risk RISK            set risk score (low=0.5,default=1.0,high=1.5) of an IP address for a host/asset: --risk 10.0.0.1=1.5
  --profile PROFILE      performance profile options: memory=/path/to/file, cpu=/path/to/file, alerts=/path/to/file, graphs=/path/to/file, graph-ranking=/path/to/file, progress=true
  --profile-graph-ranking-id PROFILE-GRAPH-RANKING-ID
                         graph id for profiling ranking
  --stage-weight STAGE-WEIGHT
                         set custom stage weights (incoming, same-zone, different-zone, outgoing): --stage-weight incoming=0.1
  --profile-log-resolution PROFILE-LOG-RESOLUTION
                         resolution of updating alert count [default: 1000]
  --help, -h             display this help and exit

Run experiments

1. Install the following prerequisites

Prerequisites:

Golang 1.24
Node.js 23.11.0
npm 10.9.2
Python 3.13 and pipenv
bash or zsh

2. Run the evaluation script

./code/evaluation/run-evaluation.sh

The result figures are located in results/figures/

UHH-ISS/rt-kcsm

Real-Time Kill Chain State Machine (RT-KCSM)

Run using Docker

Run experiments

1. Install the following prerequisites

2. Run the evaluation script

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